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Chapter 10 Parallelism and Execution (Threads Interface)
I. Scope and Objectives
- Interface filament drawing/stretch dynamics with acquisition/control threads by defining the execution graph G = ( V , E ), its modeling, scheduling, and observability gauges, so that hb causality holds, bp back-pressure stays safe, and SLOs are verifiable.
- Define runtime metrics TS.* covering T_make(G), latency and jitter, queues and loss, critical path and alert triggers; state the strict alignment with Chapter 2–9 physical variables (lambda, s, v, A, rho_L, J, T_fil, S_xx(f), etc.) on the unified time base ts.
II. Terminology and Symbols
- Execution graph and costs: G=(V,E), w(v) (node compute cost in s or CPU•s), m (parallel resource count), C_p(G) (critical-path duration).
- Scheduling and deadlines: T_make(G) (job makespan), D_k (deadline for product k), slack_k = D_k - ( t_now + R_k ), R_k (remaining cost estimate on the critical path).
- Queues and back-pressure: Q_i(ts) (queue depth at stage i, in items), r_in,i, r_out,i (input/output rates, items/s), bp (back-pressure signal).
- Causality and time base: hb (happens-before), tau_mono (monotonic local clock), ts = alpha + beta * tau_mono (per Chapter 8).
- Runtime metrics (TS.*, harmonized with Core.Threads)
- TS.lat.p50, TS.lat.p99 (end-to-end latency)
- TS.jitter.rms (period jitter)
- TS.backlog.max (max queue depth)
- TS.loss.rate (drop rate)
- TS.hb.violations (causality violations)
- TS.util.cpu, TS.util.mem (resource utilization)
- TS.makespan.last = T_make(G)
- TS.cp.length = C_p(G), TS.cp.set (critical-path node set)
III. Postulates and Minimal Equations
- P11-10 (hb-consistent commit)
Any derived physical timeseries must satisfy hb(acquire) -> hb(estimate) -> hb(emit) before manifest write; commits are idempotent transactions—replays must not change meta.uid nor the digest hash. - P11-11 (cross-thread time-base consistency)
Each thread’s tau_mono drift vs. the master clock stays below drift_max; all published data map to ts = alpha + beta * tau_mono, with alpha, beta retained under timebase.*. - P11-12 (back-pressure safety domain)
Back-pressure policy must keep all intermediate queues within 0 <= Q_i(ts) <= Q_i.max without uncontrolled drops; if dropping is required, record strategy as drop.policy and annotate with *_qf. - S12-18 (queue dynamics and rate limiting)
( d/dt ) Q_i = r_in,i - r_out,i; r_out,i = min( r_cap,i , r_demand,i ). When Q_i >= Q_i.max, emit bp and regulate upstream r_in,i = f_bp( Q_i ), where f_bp is monotone non-increasing and f_bp( Q_i.max ) = 0. - S12-19 (DAG makespan lower bound and scheduling rule)
T_make(G) >= max( C_p(G) , ( ∑_{v∈V} w(v) / m ) ). A near-optimal ready-set policy prioritizes nodes on the critical path with minimal w(v)/deadline_slack(v). - S12-20 (deadline slack and alerts)
slack_k = D_k - ( t_now + R_k ). When slack_k <= slack_gate, issue ALERT.DEADLINE_RISK and either raise TS.priority or downsample. - Dimensional audits
check_dim( T_make ) == s; check_dim( ( d/dt ) Q_i ) == 1/s; check_dim( r_in,i ) == 1/s.
IV. Data and Manifest Gauges
- Runtime extensions (suggested under schema.core.drawing/v1 as runtime.*)
- runtime.G.hash (structural hash of the execution graph)
- runtime.T_make (s), runtime.C_p (s), runtime.cp.set (list of node names)
- runtime.queues[i].Q_max, Q_p95, drops, drop.policy
- runtime.rate.in, runtime.rate.out (items/s)
- runtime.TS.lat.p50, TS.lat.p99, TS.jitter.rms, TS.util.cpu, TS.util.mem, TS.hb.violations
- runtime.alerts[] (timestamps and alert types)
- Alignment to physical quantities
For each series.* window window.id, attach the co-window runtime.* statistics; for frequency derivatives spectral.*, record the producing job v_spectral and its w(v) estimate.
V. Algorithms and Implementation Bindings
- I10-1 update_draw_state( state, bc:dict, dt:float ) -> StepReport
Thread-safe: acquire slices of v_in, v_out, T_fil, update lambda, s, A, rho_L, J; commit with hb(acquire)->hb(update) markers. - I10-2 estimate_tension( lambda:float , s:float , params:dict ) -> float
Batch-parallelizable; if params.model includes rate-hardening, declare w(v) estimate and an upper bound for TS.util.cpu. - I10-3 compute_instability_metrics( state ) -> dict
Runs asynchronously; if TS.cp.length exceeds its threshold, downsample or switch to a lightweight metric set. - I10-4 calibrate_kinematics( trace:any , sensors:list , timebase:dict ) -> CalReport
Execute only during INIT/WARMUP; returns alpha, beta and jitter_rms. - I10-5 emit_metrics_drawing( state ) -> dict
Terminal node honoring hb(update)->hb(emit), writing runtime.* and aggregating TS.*. - New execution interfaces
- I10-6 schedule_draw_graph( G , SLO:dict , resources:dict ) -> SchedPlan
- I10-7 run_event_loop( plan:SchedPlan ) -> RuntimeReport
- Pseudocode (core loop)
I10-7 run_event_loop(plan):
state <- INIT
while state != STOP:
events <- poll(plan.inputs, plan.timeout)
for e in events:
tag_hb(e, "acquire")
if backlog_high(): issue_bp(); maybe_throttle()
submit(v_update, e.payload) # I10-1
if need_spectrum(): submit(v_spectral, window_id)
if need_risk(): submit(v_instab, snapshot) # I10-3
drain_ready_tasks_by_priority() # critical-path & slack-aware
for r in ready(v_emit):
tag_hb(r, "emit")
out <- I10-5(r.state)
publish(out)
- State machine
INIT -> WARMUP -> RUN -> DRAIN -> STOP; in WARMUP perform I10-4 and resource probing; in DRAIN wait for queues to empty and ensure T_make(G) convergence.
VI. Metrology Flow and Run Graph
- Run-graph stages
- Acquisition node v_acq (encoders / tension / environment)
- State update v_update (I10-1)
- Constitutive estimate v_tension (I10-2)
- Spectral derivation v_spectral (Chapter 7)
- Instability assessment v_instab (I10-3)
- Manifest consolidation v_emit (I10-5)
- Key observation points
At each node’s exit, annotate TS.lat.node, TS.queue.len, TS.cpu.slice; on job completion, update TS.makespan.last and TS.cp.set. - Alerts and fallback
If TS.backlog.max > gate.backlog or TS.hb.violations > 0, trigger ALERT.PIPELINE_HB, enter downsampling mode, and freeze non-critical derivatives (e.g., high-resolution spectral.*). If slack_k <= 0, trigger ALERT.DEADLINE_MISS and record affected window.id.
VII. Verification and Test Matrix
- Minimum cases
- Constant-speed drawing: verify hb ordering and the S12-19 makespan bound.
- Step drawing: validate TS.jitter.rms and stability of the S12-18 back-pressure loop.
- Ramp drawing: verify the concurrent scaling of v_spectral under TS.util.cpu limits.
- Extreme scenarios
- Amplified sensor jitter and late packets.
- Queue capacity limits and forced-drop policy.
- Resource shrink (m halved) vs. T_make(G) and SLO preservation.
- Conservation and gates
Parallel execution must not violate Chapter 3 conservation audits: eps_mass and eps_norm must pass qc.gate.* under concurrency and downsampling modes.
VIII. Cross-References and Dependencies
- Chapter 2: definitions and observation mappings for lambda, s, v, A are the input/output contracts of v_update.
- Chapter 3: rho_L, J and S12-1 continuity residuals provide parallel audits.
- Chapter 4: constitutive families for T_fil influence v_tension cost w(v) and batching strategies.
- Chapter 7: S_xx(f), U_w, ENBW govern v_spectral windows and resource budgets.
- Chapter 8: ts alignment and alpha, beta from I10-4; the two arrival-time conventions’ delta_form is co-published in parallel reports.
- Chapter 9: runtime.* and TS.* fields enter the manifest for traceability and compliance.
IX. Risks, Limits, and Open Questions
- OS scheduling and GC pauses introduce tail latency; evaluate container/runtime choices against the TS.lat.p99 gate.
- Multi-source tau_mono drift amplifies in cross-device aggregation; retain corrections and confidence under timebase.*.
- Back-pressure policy boundaries on physical sampling fidelity require tighter coupling between drop.policy and quality gates.
- GPU/CPU memory contention and NUMA affinity produce second-order effects on C_p(G) at scale; quantify under large concurrency.
X. Deliverables and Version Management
- Deliverables
- threads.drawing.v1.yaml (execution graph, priorities, rate-limiting policies)
- threads.drawing.metrics.json (aggregated TS.* and runtime.*)
- threads.drawing.hbtrace (causality trace with hb tags)
- Versioning and changes
- Scheduling-policy or bp-gauge changes are marked MOD, with synchronized updates to runtime.* field docs.
- New nodes or parallel branches are marked ADD, updating G.hash and the baseline T_make(G) for reference runs.
- Any change impacting hb semantics must ship a compatibility flag and a regression matrix, recorded in CHANGELOG.md.
Copyright & License (CC BY 4.0)
Copyright: Unless otherwise noted, the copyright of “Energy Filament Theory” (text, charts, illustrations, symbols, and formulas) belongs to the author “Guanglin Tu”.
License: This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0). You may copy, redistribute, excerpt, adapt, and share for commercial or non‑commercial purposes with proper attribution.
Suggested attribution: Author: “Guanglin Tu”; Work: “Energy Filament Theory”; Source: energyfilament.org; License: CC BY 4.0.
First published: 2025-11-11|Current version:v5.1
License link:https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/