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Appendix A. Symbols & Units


I. Conventions & Dialect (Mandatory)

  1. All symbols/formulae are in English and wrapped in backticks (e.g., Z_eft(omega), T_group(omega), alpha(omega)).
  2. Any expression with division/integrals/composed operators must use parentheses and explicitly declare the path gamma(ell) and measure d ell.
  3. Time-of-arrival (two equivalent dialects; record delta_form):
    • Constant-factored: T_arr = ( 1 / c_ref ) * ( ∫ n_eff d ell )
    • General: T_arr = ( ∫ ( n_eff / c_ref ) d ell )
  4. Use omega as the frequency variable; if f_Hz is used, state omega = 2π f_Hz.
  5. Units: SI; key equalities must pass check_dim = pass; hard gates: passivity (Re{Z_eft} ≥ 0) and KK_consistency = pass.
  6. Do not mix phase/amplitude units (rad vs dB) for the same quantity.

II. Observables & Derived Quantities

Symbol

Name

Type/Domain

SI Unit

Notes

Z_eft(omega)

tension-landscape impedance

complex scalar

Ω

Z_eft = Z_ref + ΔZ_T [+ ΔZ_rad]

arg Z_eft(omega)

port phase

scalar

rad

first-order in window

T_group(omega)

group delay

scalar

s

T_group = d/domega( arg Z_eft )

E_phase(Ω)

phase linearity error

scalar

rad

KPI (window Ω)

GDR(Ω)

group-delay ripple

scalar

s

KPI (window Ω)

ΔW(Ω)

weight drift

scalar

`Σ_{p,m}


III. Paths & Time-of-Arrival

Symbol

Name

Type/Domain

SI Unit

Notes

gamma(ell)

propagation path

geometric curve

ell is arclength; piecewise smooth

d ell

path measure

differential

m

paired with gamma(ell)

T_arr

shared arrival term

scalar

s

two dialects; record delta_form

c_ref

reference propagation limit

scalar

m·s⁻¹

dimensional baseline

delta_form

arrival dialect tag

enum

"n_over_c" / "one_over_c_times_n"

w_{p,m}(omega)

path/mode weight

scalar

Σ_{p,m} w_{p,m} ≤ 1

ΔT_arr

differential arrival

scalar

s

path-switching criterion


IV. HF Propagation & Modes

Symbol

Name

Type/Domain

SI Unit

Notes

alpha(omega)

attenuation constant

scalar

Np·m⁻¹

material/conductor/radiation loss

beta(omega)

phase constant

scalar

rad·m⁻¹

beta·L ≈ omega·T_arr + φ_T

k(omega)

complex propagation constant

scalar

Np·m⁻¹ + i·rad·m⁻¹

k = alpha + i·beta

Z_c(omega)

characteristic impedance

complex scalar

Ω

line/mode dependent

M(omega)

modal basis

matrix

projection/merge

C(omega)

modal coupling matrix

matrix

`


V. S-Parameters & Normalization

Symbol

Name

Type/Domain

SI Unit

Notes

S(omega)

N-port S-parameters

complex matrix

single-ended/mixed-mode

Znorm(omega)

port normalization impedance

diagonal/array

Ω

mapping baseline

T_mm

mixed-mode transform

matrix

DM/CM mapping

Z0_mm

mixed-mode norm impedances

diagonal/array

Ω

corresponding to Z_c(omega)

Z_ref(omega)

reference impedance

complex scalar

Ω

no-radiation baseline

ΔZ_T(omega)

tension correction

complex scalar

Ω

kernel & weights integral


VI. Radiation & EMI Fields

Symbol

Name

Type/Domain

SI Unit

Notes

ΔZ_rad(omega)

radiation positive-real correction

complex scalar

Ω

require Re{ΔZ_rad} ≥ 0

E_rad(omega,r)

radiated E-field

vector field

V·m⁻¹

near/far-field envelopes

H_rad(omega,r)

radiated H-field

vector field

A·m⁻¹

near/far-field envelopes

I_CM(omega)

common-mode current

scalar

A

EMI key observable

sigma_seam

seam effective conductance

scalar

S

shielding continuity


VII. Metrology & Alignment

Symbol

Name

Type/Domain

SI Unit

Notes

Δt_sync

timebase misalignment

scalar

s

Δφ = omega·Δt_sync

baseline_id

de-embed/baseline ID

string

versioned

binding_ref

binding record ID

string

layout ↔ gamma(ell)

check_dim

dimensional check

flag

must be pass

KK_consistency

K–K consistency

flag

causality check

passivity

passivity gate

flag

min Re{Z_eft} ≥ 0


VIII. Implementation APIs & Card Keys

Field/Symbol

Name

Type

Unit/Range

Notes

map_S_to_Z

S→Z mapping API

function

I40-HF

em_port_align

port/renorm alignment

function

I40-HF

bind_layout_hf

HF binding

function

I30-HF

mode_project/merge

modal projection/merge

function

I30-HF

dataset_card/pipeline_card/env_lock

data/pipeline/env-lock

structs

DataSpec

qa_gates

QA gates

list

check_dim/passivity/KK


IX. Canonical Relations (dialect-aligned, quick ref)


X. Forbidden Aliases & Writing Examples (Compliance)


XI. SI Quick Reference
Current A; voltage V; impedance Ω; phase rad; time s; length m; attenuation Np·m⁻¹; phase constant rad·m⁻¹; power W; E-field V·m⁻¹; H-field A·m⁻¹; conductivity S·m⁻¹.


XII. Release Hard Gates (Consistency)

check_dim = pass; Re{Z_eft} ≥ 0; KK_consistency = pass; two-dialect T_arr agreement (|Δ| ≤ u(T_arr)); in-window KPIs E_phase/GDR within gates; if ΔZ_rad enabled, Re{ΔZ_rad} ≥ 0 and decreases after sealing.

Copyright & License (CC BY 4.0)

Copyright: Unless otherwise noted, the copyright of “Energy Filament Theory” (text, charts, illustrations, symbols, and formulas) belongs to the author “Guanglin Tu”.
License: This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0). You may copy, redistribute, excerpt, adapt, and share for commercial or non‑commercial purposes with proper attribution.
Suggested attribution: Author: “Guanglin Tu”; Work: “Energy Filament Theory”; Source: energyfilament.org; License: CC BY 4.0.

First published: 2025-11-11|Current version:v5.1
License link:https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/