08-EFT.WP.Core.Sea v1.0 | Chapter 1 — Acquisition and Device Spectra

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Chapter 1 — Acquisition and Device Spectra

I. Device Stratification and Naming

1. Hardware strata
   • sensing head (sensor): maps the physical measurand to an electrical waveform x(t).
   • front-end (conditioning): gain/offset/filtering with parameters A_gain, B_bias, C_offset, H(f).
   • digitizer (A/D): ADC_bits, ENOB, fs, DR.
   • timebase (clock & sync): clock_id, sync_ref, offset, skew, J, tau_mono, ts.
   • host / I/O path: chan, cap, q_len, fmt, manifest.
2. Naming conventions
   • Device identity: sid; model: model; serial: serial; calibration id: cal_id.
   • Units and dimensions follow Core.Metrology; all variables and formulae are plain-text English with inline back-ticks.
   • Path and arrival-time anchors: gamma(ell), d ell, n_eff(x,t), c_ref, T_arr.

II. Identity and Minimal Field Set (v1.0 required)

1. Identity & versions
   • sid (string), model (string), serial (string), cal_id (string), fw_rev (string), hw_rev (string).
   • schema_ver (string), sea_rev (string, e.g., "v1.0"), created_ts (ts), updated_ts (ts).
2. Sampling & quantization
   • fs (float), fs_nom (float), fs_max (float), ADC_bits (int), ENOB (float), DR (float).
   • Delta_t (float, window width), t0 (tau_mono), t1 (tau_mono), window_fn (string).
3. Conditioning & filtering
   A_gain (float), B_bias (float), C_offset (float), H_ref (string or id), f_c (float), BW (float).
4. Clock & synchronization
   clock_id (string), sync_ref (string), offset (float), skew (float), J (float).
5. Environment & correction
   RefCond (dict: temp, hum, press), corr_model (string), corr_params (dict).
6. Quality & missingness
   q_score (float ∈ [0,1]), m (int ∈ {0,1}), drift (float), notes (string).
7. Serialization & manifest
   fmt (enum in {"jsonl","csv","parquet","nc","tfrecord"}), compress (string|None), manifest (dict), tags (list[string]).

III. Postulates P81- (Device and Acquisition)*

• P81-1 Uniqueness. sid is unique within the deployment domain; a single sid must not bind multiple serial or cal_id concurrently.
• P81-2 Calibration immutability. Once a cal_id mapping is in use, treat it as immutable; any parameter change yields a new cal_id and manifest lineage entry.
• P81-3 Clock conservation. Device wall-clock satisfies ts_i(t) = alpha_i * tau_mono + beta_i; report uncertainty u(alpha_i), u(beta_i).
• P81-4 Anti-aliasing. If f_max (highest significant energy) is known, enforce fs >= 2 * f_max. Otherwise, publish anti-aliasing figures for H(f) and a residual aliasing estimate.
• P81-5 Arrival-time consistency. Any use of T_arr must simultaneously provide gamma(ell), d ell, c_ref, n_eff and the dual-form gap
  delta_form = | ( 1 / c_ref ) * ( ∫ n_eff d ell ) - ( ∫ ( n_eff / c_ref ) d ell ) |.
• P81-6 Traceability. Any exported data must be traceable to sid/model/serial/cal_id, fs, H(f), RefCond, and schema_ver.

IV. Minimal Equations S81- (Device-domain relations)*

1. S81-1 Calibration mapping (affine form).
   • x_phys(t) = A_gain * ( x_raw(t) - C_offset ) + B_bias.
   • With environmental correction: x_corr(t) = corr_env( x_phys(t); RefCond ).
2. S81-2 In-band energy preservation (ideal conditioning).
   ∫ |X(f)|^2 df ≈ ∫ | H(f) * X(f) |^2 df, with integration limited to |f| <= BW.
3. S81-3 Dynamic range and saturation criterion.
   DR = ( x_max - x_min ) / noise_floor; when |x_raw| >= x_sat, force q_score↓ and set m=0 for the affected windows.

V. Acquisition Workflow Mx-1 (register → calibrate → sample → manifest)

• register_sensor(model, serial, meta) to obtain sid; persist schema_ver, sea_rev.
• load_calibration(sid, cal_id) binds calibration; store A_gain/B_bias/C_offset/H_ref/RefCond.
• configure_sampling(sid, fs, gain) sets fs and front-end; verify fs vs BW, H(f).
• sync_clocks([sid], method="ptp", ref=sync_ref); measure_skew_offset([sid], window) to produce alpha_i/beta_i with uncertainties.
• Sample and condition: acquire x_raw(t); filter_apply(x_raw, H_ref); apply_calibration → x_phys(t); optionally apply_env_correction → x_corr(t).
• Quality & missingness: compute q_score and m; if q_score < q_min or m=0, trigger raise_alert.
• Persist & manifest: serialize(data, fmt, compress), export_manifest(data); the manifest must include sid/model/serial/cal_id/fs/H_ref/RefCond/clock_id/offset/skew/J/schema_ver.
• Channels & backpressure: emit to upstream via chan/cap/q_len; on congestion, propagate bp (see Core.Threads, Chapter 3).

VI. Capability Envelope and Constraints

1. Sampling & spectrum
   • fs ∈ (0, fs_max], BW <= fs/2, f_c chosen to satisfy target bandwidth and group delay constraints.
   • window_fn and Delta_t affect resolution and leakage; both are fixed in the manifest.
2. Quantization & dynamic range
   • ENOB <= ADC_bits; if ENOB < ENOB_min, reduce BW or adjust A_gain.
   • DR is bounded jointly by A_gain and noise_floor; avoid co-occurrence of saturation and coarse quantization.
3. Clock & synchronization
   |skew| <= skew_max, |offset| <= offset_max, J <= J_max; otherwise downgrade q_score and trigger re-calibration.

VII. Manifest Structure (minimal keys)

• identity: {sid, model, serial, cal_id, fw_rev, hw_rev}
• acquisition: {fs, fs_nom, fs_max, ADC_bits, ENOB, DR, Delta_t, window_fn}
• conditioning: {A_gain, B_bias, C_offset, H_ref, f_c, BW}
• timing: {clock_id, sync_ref, offset, skew, J, t0, t1}
• environment: {RefCond, corr_model, corr_params}
• quality: {q_score, m, drift}
• io: {fmt, compress, chan, cap, q_len}
• version: {schema_ver, sea_rev, created_ts, updated_ts}

VIII. Quality Flags and Alerting Strategy

1. q_score composition (suggested).
   • Components: out-of-band energy ratio, noise floor, saturation rate, clock stability, packet-loss rate.
   • Normalize to [0,1]; persist weights in manifest as {w_band, w_noise, w_sat, w_clk, w_loss}.
2. Missingness & degradation.
   • Mark window-level missing as m=0; exported statistics must state approx independence or disclose window overlap ratio.
   • If q_score < q_min for K consecutive windows, raise alert(kind="drift") and recommend re-calibration.

IX. Compatibility and Cross-Volume Interfaces

1. Core.Threads.
   • Acquisition nodes run as thr in G=(V,E); output channels declare cap/q_len and a backpressure loop.
   • Timeout/retry per Chapter 5; arrival-time alignment via enforce_arrival_time_convention.
2. Core.Metrology.
   Use propagate_uncertainty to produce u(x) and U = k * u_c; all check_dim(expr) must pass.
3. Core.DataSpec.
   Reuse its field registry and enumerations; use bind_to_parameters(ds, params) to persist RefCond/fs/H_ref and related parameters.
4. Core.Equations.
   Path and medium parameters comply with its S-series; for T_arr dual forms, always report delta_form.

X. Implementation Guidance and Compliance Grades

• Sea/Basic: satisfy P81-1…P81-4, S81-1; deliver the full Mx-1 pipeline and the minimal manifest.
• Sea/Full: add P81-5…P81-6, S81-2, S81-3; provide uncertainty reports and both T_arr formulations with delta_form.
• Sea/RT: on top of Sea/Full, meet real-time channel and backpressure loop requirements, online q_score, rolling persistence, and end-to-end tracing.